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1 of 17 GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer www.gennum.com features ? smpte 424m, smpte 292m, 344m and smpte 259m compliant ?automatic cable equalization ? multi-standard operation from 143mb/s to 2.97gb/s ? supports dvb-asi at 270mb/s ? small footprint (4mm x 4mm) ? pb-free and rohs compliant ? manual bypass (useful for low data rates with slow rise/fall times) ? performance op timized for 1.485gb/s and 2.97gb/s ? typical equalized length of belden 1694a cable: 140m at 2.97gb/s, 230m at 1.485 gb/s, and 250m at 270mb/s ?50 differential output (internal 50 pull-ups) ? programmable mute based on max cable length adjust ? single 3.3v power supply operation ? operating temperature range: 0c to +70c ? footprint compatible with gs2974a and gs1574a applications ? smpte 424m, smpte 292m and smpte 259m coaxial cable serial digital interfaces. description the GS2974B is a high-speed bicmos integrated circuit designed to equalize and restore signals received over 75 co-axial cable . the GS2974B is designed to support smpte 424m, smpte 292m and smpte 259m, and is optimized for performance at 1.485gb/s and 2.97gb/s. the GS2974B features dc restor ation to compen sate for the dc content of smpte pathological test patterns. a voltage programmable mute threshold (mcladj), applicable for sd mode (refer to section 4.3 ), is included to allow muting of the GS2974B output when an approximate selected cable length is re ached for smpte 259m signals. this feature allows the gs2 974b to distinguish between low amplitude sd-sdi signals and noise at the input of the device. the serial digital outputs of the GS2974B may be forced to a mute state by applying a voltage to the mute pin. power consumption is typically 215mw using a 3.3v power supply. the GS2974B is lead-free, and the encapsulation compound does not contain halogenated flame retardant. this component and all homogeneous subcomponents are rohs compliant. GS2974B functional block diagram cable length adjustor carrier detect mute equalizer dc restore output agc cd mute sdo bypass sdo sdi sdi mcladj
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 2 of 17 revision history version ecr pcn date changes and/or modifications 3 151788 ? april 2009 c orrected 250pc part number in 6.6 ordering information . 2 151333 ? j anuary 2009 added 2500pc reel size to 6.6 ordering information . added the maximum power consumption in table 2-1: d c electrical c haracteristics . c hanged the output voltage s wing from 550mv p-p to 600mv p-p in table 2-2: a c electrical c haracteristics . 1 149533 ? april 2008 c onverted to data s heet. updated document format. re-wrote section 4.3 programmable maximum c able length adjust (m c lad j ) . added tape and reel to 6.6 ordering information . 0 148227 ? november 2007 c onverted to preliminary data s heet. c hanged input e s d voltage to 4kv in 2.1 absolute maximum ratings . replaced 5.3 typical application c ircuit . b 146732 ? august 2007 addition of high g ain adaptive c able equalizers on page 12 , and removal of typical application c ircuit on page 13 . a 145689 ? j uly 2007 new document.
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 3 of 17 contents features....................................................................................................................... ..........................................1 applications................................................................................................................... ......................................1 description.................................................................................................................... .......................................1 revision history ............................................................................................................... ..................................2 1. pin out..................................................................................................................... ..........................................4 1.1 GS2974B pin assignment .................................................................................................... ...........4 1.2 GS2974B pin descriptions .................................................................................................. ...........4 2. electrical characteristics .................................................................................................. ..........................6 2.1 absolute maximum ratings .................................................................................................. ........6 2.2 dc electrical characteristics ...... ....................................................................................... ...........6 2.3 ac electrical characterist ics ............................................................................................. ...........7 test circuit ................................................................................................................... ........................................8 3. input/output circuits ....................................................................................................... ...........................8 4. detailed description........................................................................................................ .............................9 4.1 serial digital inputs ..................................................................................................... ....................9 4.2 cable equalization ........................................................................................................ ................ 10 4.3 programmable maximum cable length adjust (mclad j) ............................................. 10 4.4 mute and carrier detect ................................................................................................... ........... 11 5. application information ..................................................................................................... ..................... 12 5.1 high gain adaptive cable equalizers .................................................................................... 12 5.2 pcb layout ................................................................................................................ ....................... 12 5.3 typical application circuit ............................................................................................... ......... 13 6. package & ordering information .............................................................................................. ............ 14 6.1 package dimensions ........................................................................................................ ............. 14 6.2 packaging data ............................................................................................................ ................... 14 6.3 recommended pcb footprint .. ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ........... ....... .. 15 6.4 marking diagram ........................................................................................................... ................ 15 6.5 solder reflow profiles .................................................................................................... .............. 16 6.6 ordering information ...................................................................................................... ............. 16
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 4 of 17 1. pin out 1.1 GS2974B pin assignment figure 1-1: 16-pin qfn 1.2 GS2974B pin descriptions GS2974B (top view) 1 v ee _a v ee _a sdi sdi 2 3 4 sdo sdo v ee _d v ee _d 12 11 10 9 agc agc bypass mcladj 5 7 6 8 v cc _a mute cd v cc _d 13 14 15 1 6 center pa d ( b ottom of pa c ka g e, internally b on d e d to vee_a) table 1-1: GS2974B pin descriptions pin number name timing ty p e description 1, 4 vee_a analog power most negative power supply for analog circuitry. c onnect to g nd. 2, 3 s di, s di analog input s erial digital differential input. 5, 6 a gc , a gc analog ? external a gc capacitor. c onnect pin 5 and pin 6 together as shown in the typical application c ircuit on page 13 . 7bypa ss not s ynchronous input forces the equalizing and d c re s tore stages into bypass mode when hi g h. no equalization occurs in this mode. 8m c lad j analog input maximum cable length adjust. adjusts the approximate maximum amount of cable to be equalized. s ee s ection 4.3 . and s ection 4.4 9 vee_d analog power most negative power supp ly for the digital circuitry and output buffer. c onnect to g nd.
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 5 of 17 10, 11 s do , s do analog output equalized serial digital differential output. 12 vee_d analog power most negative power supp ly for the digital circuitry and output buffer. c onnect to g nd. 13 v cc _d analog power most positive power supply for the digital i/o pins of the device. c onnect to +3.3v d c . 14 mute not s ynchronous input c ontrol s i g nal input levels are lv c mo s /lvttl compatible. (3.3v tolerant) c ontrols output behaviour on s do and s do s ee s ection 4.4. 15 c d not s ynchronous output s tatu s s i g nal output s ignal levels are lv c mo s /lvttl compatible. indicates the presence of a good input signal. s ee s ection 4.4. 16 v cc _a analog power most positive power supply for the analog circuitry of the device. c onnect to +3.3v d c . ? c enter pad ? power internally bonded to vee_a. table 1-1: GS2974B pin descriptions (continued) pin number name timing ty p e description
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 6 of 17 2. electrical characteristics 2.1 absolute maximum ratings 2.2 dc electrical characteristics parameter value s upply voltage -0.3v to +3.6v d c input e s d voltage 4kv s torage temperature range -50 c < t s < 125 c input voltage range (any input) -0.3 to (v cc +0.3)v operating temperature range 0 c to 70 c s older reflow temperature 260 c table 2-1: dc electrical characteristics v cc = 3.3v 5%, t a = 0 c to 70 c , unless otherwise shown parameter symbol conditions min ty p max units notes s upply voltage v cc ? 3.135 3.3 3.465 v 5% power c onsumption p d t a = 25 c ? 215 334 mw ? s upply c urrent i s t a = 25 c ?65?ma? output c ommon mode voltage v c mout t a = 25 c ?v cc - v s do /2 ? v ? input c ommon mode voltage v c min t a = 25 c ?1.75?v? m c lad j d c voltage (to mute signal) ?0m, t a = 25 c ?3.2?v? m c lad j range ? t a = 25 c ?0.5?v? c d output voltage v c d (oh) c arrier not present 2.4 ? ? v ? v c d (ol) c arrier present ? ? 0.4 v ? mute input voltage required to force outputs to mute v mute min to mute 2.0 ? ? v ? mute input voltage required to force outputs active v mute max to activate ??0.8v?
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 7 of 17 2.3 ac electrical characteristics table 2-2: ac electrical characteristics v cc = 3.3v 5%, t a = 0 c to 70 c , unless otherwise shown parameter symbol conditions min ty p max units notes s erial input data rate dr s do ? 143 ? 2970 mb/s ? input voltage s wing v s di t a =25 c , differential, 270mb/s and 1.485 g b/s 720 800 950 mv p-p 1 t a =25 c , differential, 2.97 g b/s 720 800 880 mv p-p 1 output voltage s wing v s do 100 load, t a =25 c , differential 600 750 1050 mv p-p ? output j itter of various c able lengths and data rates ? 270mb/s belden 1694a: 0-200m ??0.2ui2 ? 270mb/s belden 1694a: 200-250m ?0.2? ui4 ? 1.485 g b/s belden 1694a: 0-160m ? ? 0.25 ui 2 ? 1.485 g b/s belden 1694a: 160-230m ?0.3? ui4 ?2.97 g b/s belden 1694a: 0-120m ??0.4ui2 ?2.97 g b/s belden 1694a: 120-140m ?0.4? ui4 output rise/fall time ? 20% - 80% 40 80 220 ps ? mismatch in rise/fall time ? ? ? ? 30 ps ? duty cycle distortion ? ? ? ? 30 ps ? overshoot ? ? ? ? 10 % ? input return loss ? ? 15 21 ? db 3 input resistance ? single ended ? 1.52 ? k ? input c apacitance ? single ended ? 1 ? pf ? output resistance ? single ended ? 50 ? ? note s : 1. 0m cable length. 2. all parts are production tested. in order to guarant ee jitter over the full ra nge of specification (v cc = 3.3v 5%, t a = 0c to 70c, and 720-880mv launch swing from the sd i cable driver) the reco mmended applications circuit must be used. 3. tested on cb2974b board from 5mhz to 3ghz. 4. based on characterization da ta using the recommended applications circuit, at v cc = 3.3v, t a = 25c and 800mv launch swing from the sdi cable driver.
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 8 of 17 test circuit figure 2-1: test c ircuit 3. input/output circuits bert pattern generator ext. clock clock out data out ext. clock 2.97ghz/1.485ghz/ 270mhz GS2974B test board tds 820 ch. 1 ch. 2 out in out ext. trigger 50/75 1 6 94a cable figure 3-1: input equivalent c ircuit figure 3-2: m c lad j equivalent c ircuit 3k 3. 6 k 3k 3. 6 k rc sdi sdi v cc mcladj 12.2k 150 + -
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 9 of 17 4. detailed description the GS2974B is a high speed bi cmos ic designed to equali ze serial digital signals. the GS2974B can equalize 3gb/s, hd and sd serial digital signal s, and will typically equalize 140m of belden 1694a cable at 2.97gb/s, 230m at 1. 485gb/ s and 250m at 270mb/s.the GS2974B is powered from a si ngle +3.3v power supply and consumes approximately 215mw of power. 4.1 serial digital inputs the serial data signal may be connected to the input pins (sdi/sdi ) in either a differential or single ended configuration. ac coupling of the inputs is recommended, as the sdi and sdi inputs are internally biased at approximately 1.8v. figure 3-3: output c ircuit figure 3-4: mute and bypa ss c ircuits figure 3-5: c d c ircuit 50 50 sdo sdo mute, bypass cd
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 10 of 17 4.2 cable equalization the input signal passes through a variable gain equalizing stage whose frequency response closely matches the inverse of the cable loss characteristic. in addition, the variation of the frequency response with control voltage imitates the variation of the inverse cable loss characteristic with cable length. the edge energy of the equalized signal is monitored by a detector circuit which produces an error signal corresponding to the difference between the desired edge energy and the actual edge energy. this error signal is integrated by both an internal and an external agc filter capacitor providing a st eady control voltage fo r the gain stage. as the frequency response of the gain stage is automatically varied by the application of negative feedback, the edge energy of the equalized signal is kept at a constant level which is representative of the original edge energy at the transmitter. the equalized signal is also dc restored, effectively restoring the logic threshold of the equalized signal to its correct level independent of shifts due to ac coupling. the digital output signals have a nominal voltage of 750mv pp differential, or 375mv pp single ended when terminated with 50 as shown in figure 4-1 . figure 4-1: typical output voltage levels 4.3 programmable maximum ca ble length adjust (mcladj) for smpte 259m inputs, the GS2974B incorp orates a programmable maximum cable length adjust (mcladj) threshold. this feature can be useful in applications where there are multiple input channels using the GS2974B and the maximum gain ca n be limited to avoid crosstalk. the mcladj pin acts to change the threshold of the carrier detect (cd ) pin. when the input signal drops below a certain threshold, the cd pin will be driven high, indicating that there is not a valid input signal. in order to enable automatic muting of the output of the GS2974B, the cd pin should be connected directly to the mute pin. in applications where programmable maximum cable length adjust is not required, the mcladj pin may be left unconnected. this feature has been designed for use in a pplications such as routers, where signal crosstalk and circuit noise cause the equalizer to output erroneous data when no input signal is present. the use of a carrier detect function with a fixed internal reference 50 50 sdo sdo +187.5mv -187.5mv v cm = 2.925v typi c al +187.5mv -187.5mv v cm = 2.925v typi c al
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 11 of 17 does not solve this problem, since the signal to noise ratio on the circuit board could be significantly less than the default signal detection level set by the on chip reference. note: mcladj is only recomme nded for data rates up to 360mb/s. for data rates above this, mcladj should be left floating. 4.4 mute and carrier detect the GS2974B includes a mute input pin that allows the application interface to mute the serial digital output at any time. set the mute pin high to mute sdo and sdo . in this case, the outputs will mute regardless of the setting of the bypass pin. a carrier detect output pin (cd ) indicates the presence of a valid signal at the input of the GS2974B. when cd is low, the device has detected a valid input on sdi and sdi . when cd is high, the device has not detected a valid input. note 1: cd will only detect loss of carrier for data rates greater than 19mb/s. the cd output pin may be connected directly to the mute input pin to enable automatic muting of the GS2974B when no valid input signal has been detected. note 2: if the maximum cable length is exceeded (set by the mcladj pin) and the device is not in bypass mode, the cd pin will not be driven low, even if a carrier is present. table 4-1: mute input table mute function 0 s do and s do operate normally 1 s do and s do are forced to a steady state table 4-2: cd output table cd input status 0 valid input on s di, s di pins 1 input is not valid
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 12 of 17 5. application information 5.1 high gain adaptive cable equalizers the GS2974B is gennum's latest multi-rate adapti ve cable equalize r. in order to continue to extend the cable length that an equalizer will remain operational over, it is necessary to increase the gain of the equalizer. a video cable equalizer must provide wide band gain over a range of frequencies in order to accommodate the range of data rates and signal patterns that are present in a smpte compliant serial video stream. the GS2974B has an increase in gain over the gs2974a at critical hd and 3gbps frequencies, and be cause of this the GS2974B will be sens itive to signals at the input that the gs2974a will not be sensitive to. small levels of signal or noise present at the input pins of the equalizer may cause chatter at the output. in order to prevent this from happening, particular attention must be paid to board layout. because the level and frequency of noise present in every system varies, please contact gennum at vbapps@gennum.com to get the most current recommendations. 5.2 pcb layout special attention must be paid to compon ent layout when desi gning serial digital interfaces for hdtv. an fr-4 dielectric can be used, however, controlled impedance transmission lines are required for pcb traces longer than approximately 1cm. note the following pcb artwork features used to optimize performance: ? pcb trace width for hd rate signals is closely matched to smt component width to minimize reflections due to change in trace impedance. ? the pcb ground plane is removed under the GS2974B input components to minimize parasitic capacitance. ? the pcb ground plane is removed under the GS2974B output components to minimize parasitic capacitance. ? high speed traces are curved to minimize impedance changes.
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 13 of 17 5.3 typical application circuit figure 5-1: gs 2974b typical application c ircuit GS2974B sdi cd sdi vee_d mute vcc_d agc bypass mcladj vee_a note: all resistors in ohms, c apa c itors in fara d s, an d in d u c tors in henrys, unless otherwise note d . * value d epen d ent on layout vee_a agc vcc_a sdo sdo vee_d 10n 1 10n sdo 4u7 4u7 + + sdo cd mute vcc bypass mcladj 470n 6 .2n* 75 sdi 1u 75 1u 37r4 vcc 4 5 6 2 3 8 7 1 6 12 13 11 14 15 9 10 470n
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 14 of 17 6. package & ordering information 6.1 package dimensions 6.2 packaging data 4.00+/-0.05 b 4.00+/-0.05 2x 2x 0.15 0.15 c c 0.10 c 16x 0.08 c seating plane 0.85+/-0.05 0.00-0.05 0.65/2 0.65 detail b scale:nts datum a or b terminal tip 0.20 ref datum b detail b 0.65 16x 0.35+/-0.05 0.10 0.05 c a b c datum a 2.76+/-0.10 0.40+/-0.05 2.76+/-0.10 detail b center tab pin 1 area a c parameter value package type 4mm x 4mm 16-pin qfn package drawing reference j ede c m0220 moisture s ensitivity level 3 j unction to c ase thermal resistance, j-c 31.0 c /w j unction to air thermal resistance, j-a (at zero airflow) 43.8 c /w psi, 11.0 c /w pb-free and roh s compliant yes
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 15 of 17 6.3 recommended pcb footprint the center pad should be connected to the most negative power supply plane for analog circuitry in the device (vee_a) by a minimum of 5 vias. note: suggested dimensions only. final dimensions shou ld conform to customer design rules and process optimizations. 6.4 marking diagram 0.35 0.55 2.76 3.70 2.76 3.70 note: all dimensions are in millimeters. 0.65 c enter pad GS2974B xxxxe3 yyww yyww - date c ode yy - 2-digit year ww - 2-digit week number xxxx - lot/work order id pin 1 id
GS2974B GS2974B hd-linx? iii adaptive cable equalizer data sheet 45062 - 3 april 2009 16 of 17 6.5 solder reflow profiles the device is manufactured with matte-sn terminations and is compatible with both standard eutectic and pb-free solder reflow profiles. msl qualification was performed using the maximum pb-free reflow profile shown in figure 6-1 . the recommended standard pb reflow profile is shown in figure 6-2 . figure 6-1: maximum pb-free s older reflow profile (preferred) figure 6-2: s tandard pb s older reflow profile 6.6 ordering information 25c 150c 200c 217c 2 6 0c 250c time temperature 8 min. max 6 0-180 se c . max 6 0-150 se c . 20-40 se c . 3c/se c max 6 c/se c max 25c 100c 150c 183c 230c 220c time temperature 6 min. max 120 se c . max 6 0-150 se c . 10-20 se c . 3c/se c max 6 c/se c max part number package temperature range gs 2974b gs 2974b c ne3 16-pin qfn 0 c to 70 c gs 2974b gs 2974b c nte3 16-pin qfn tape & reel (250pcs) 0 c to 70 c gs 2974b gs 2974b c nte3z 16-pin qfn tape & reel (2500pcs) 0 c to 70 c
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